2014高考英语时态-2014年高考英语试题及答案

1.英语有几个时态，分别是什么，怎么用，详细点，复制过来的也行，详细就好，谢谢

2.陕西高考英语考些什么时态

3.跪求高考英语考到的几大重要动词时态

4.英语语法时态知识点归纳

英语有几个时态，分别是什么，怎么用，详细点，复制过来的也行，详细就好，谢谢

谓语动词的时态（一）

作谓语动词用来表示动作(情况)发生时间的各种形式称为时态。英语中不同时间发生的动作，要用不同形式的动词来表示。因此，每说一句话都要考虑时态问题，谓语动词要用适当的时态形式。

英语一共有十六个时态。

一般现在时、 现在进行时、 现在完成时、 现在完成进行时、 一般过去时、 过去进行时、 过去完成时、 过去完成进行时、 一般将来时 、将来进行时 、将来完成时、 将来完成进行时、 一般过去将来时、 过去将来进行时 、过去将来完成时、 过去将来完成进行时

但是，英语中常用的时态有五个：一般现在时，现在进行时，一般过去时，一般将来时和现在完成时。还有些时态用得也比较多一些，如：过去进行时，过去完成时，过去将来时，现在完成进行时等，其它时态用得比较少，有的时态甚至很少用到。

英语时态形式可以用下表来表示：(以study为例)

一般时态、进行时态、完成时态、完成进行时态、

现 在study studies、is/ am/ are studying 、has/ he studied、has/ he been studying

过 去studied、was/ were studying 、had studied、had been studying、

将 来shall/ will study、shall/ will be studying、shall/ will he studied、shall/ will he been studying

过 去 将 来should/ would study、should/ would be studying、should/ would he studied、should/ would he been studying、

在这里，我们重点讲一下以下常用时态：

一、一般现在时

一般现在时主要用来表示：

1. 表示一种永久性的、不涉及特定的时间的一般性陈述和客观存在。

e.g. I) He smokes too much.

II) It seldom snows here.

2. 用于说明自然规律、客观真理、科学事实，格言、谚语等也属于词类等。

e.g. I) The earth moves round the sun.

II) Actions speak louder than words. 行动胜于雄辩。

3. 动作动词的一般现在时可以表示现阶段重复发生的一系列。这时常和sometimes, often, usually, frequently, every day/week/month/year, daily, monthly, once a year, twice a day, five times a month等表示频度的副词（短语）连用。

e.g. I) Teenagers often spend hours shopping, especially on weekends.

II) We always care for each other and care for each other.

4. 如果动作动词所指的是一个在讲话时开始并结束的单一行为，则意味着该很少或没有持续性，通常只用于行为语、特殊感叹句或对快速体育运动等的实况报导。

e.g. I) Here comes the winner.

II) I declare the meeting open. 我宣布会议开始。

5. 表示将来时间。在由when，if，after，before，as soon as，even if，in case，though，till，until，unless，so long as等引导的时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，一般现在时可以用来表示将来时间。

e.g. I) You’d better take an umbrella in case (万一) it rains.

II) So long as (只要) you work hard, you’ll surely succeed.

6. 一般现在时可以用来表示一个按规定、、或安排要发生的情况。但这只限于少数动词，如begin, come, go, lee, sail, start, arrive, return, end, stop, depart, open, close等。

e.g. I) The plane takes off at 11 a.m.

II) School begins the day after tomorrow.

III) Is there a film on tonight?

7. 在I hope, I bet等后面的that-分句中可用一般现在时表示将来概念。

e.g. I) I bet Houston Rocket beats Miami Heats this afternoon.

II) I hope the storm passes quickly.

8. 在see (to it), make sure, make certain等后面的that-分句中可用一般现在时表示将来概念。

e.g. I) Please see (to it) that windows are closed before you lee.

II) Be sure that you don’t work too hard.

9. 用于讲故事，叙述文、新闻报导或说明等中，以增加描述的生动性和真实感。

e.g. He sits down, shivers (颤抖) a little. The clock outside strikes twelve.

二、一般将来时

一般将来时主要用来表示：

1. 将要发生的动作或情况。

e.g. I) When shall we he an oral test (口试)?

II) He will start to work in June.

2. 习惯动作或未来的倾向。

e.g. I) Wherever he goes, he will take an umbrella with him.

II) Only in this way will we succeed. 只有这样我们才能成功。

3. 表示将要发生的动作，除了一般将来时外，还有一些其他结构和时态。

a) be going + 不定式 (表示打算、准备做的事或即将发生或肯定要发生的事)

e.g. I) Look at those clouds! It’s going to rain. 看那些乌云，天快下雨了。

II) I am going to lee for Paris with my classmates next week.

b) be about + 不定式 (表示正要、刚要发生的事情)

e.g. I) The train is about to lee.

II) We are just in time. The curtain is about to go up. 我们来得很及时，**刚好拉开序幕。

c) be + 不定式 (表示按日程将要发生的动作)

e.g. I) There is to be a test in the fifth week.

II) I am to meet my friend at the railway station this afternoon.

d) 动词现在时 (见现在进行时2)

e) 一般现在时 (见一般现在时5、6、7、8)

f) 动词将来进行时，可用来表示不含意图的将来概念。

e.g. I) Machines will be doing many jobs that people do today.

II) We will be staying in Beijing for three days.

三、一般过去时

一般过去时主要用来表示：

1. 表示或状态必定发生在过去，从其完成到现在之间有一段间隔。过去时间可以由状语表示，如yesterday，an hour ago，in 12，last year等。

e.g. I) In 12, Father’s Day became a national holiday in the United States.

II) Jane was here a moment ago.

2. 动作动词的一般过去时可以表示在过去一段时间里重复发生的一系列。这时常和sometimes, often, usually, frequently, every day/week/month/year, daily, monthly, once a year, twice a day, five times a month等表示频度的副词（短语）连用。

e.g. I) Ken never smoked.

II) I went to the cinema three times last week.

3. 在时间和条件状语从句中，一般过去时可以替代过去将来时。

e.g. I) Father promised to buy me a MP3 if he got a pay raise.

II) I couldn’t watch that exciting game before my homework was finished.

四、现在完成时

1. 现在完成时只要用来表示：

a) 开始于过去而延续至今的动作（有可能继续延续下去）或重复性的。

e.g. I) Advertising has become a very specialized activity in modern times. 广告在现代社会中已成为一项非常专业化的活动。

II) She has lived here since 19.

b) 动作的结果到现在时刻仍然存在，常与recently, just, already, yet, before, in the past few years, up to now, so far, this year, for, since等时间状语连用。

e.g. I) So far we he learned a lot about different tenses.

II) In the past few decades (十年) great changes he taken place in Hangzhou.

2. 现在完成时和一般过去时的比较：

a) 意义上的区别

两种时态的动作都发生在过去，现在完成时强调动作现在的结果；过去时着眼过去的动作或状态本身。试比较：

e.g. I) I he read this book. (说明我了解书的内容。)

II) I read this book yesterday. (叙述昨天做的一件事，与现在无关。)

b) 时间状语的区别

与一般过去时相关的状语yesterday (morning), a month ago, earlier this month, last week/month/year/ Monday, the other day (前几天), at that time, in 19, etc.与现在完成时相关的状语since Monday, so far, ever, never, up to now/ present, yet, for three days, etc.与两者都相关的状语Today, recently, this week/month/year/June, this morning/afternoon/evening, recently, before, once, already, etc.

c) 特殊用法

i) 在“This/ It is the first (second, third, last, etc.) time …”后用现在完成时。

e.g. It is the first time that I he treled by train.

ii) 在“It is/ has been a long time since …”后用过去时。

e.g. It has been 10 years since I graduated from my university.

iii) 在“This is + 最高级形容词 + 名词”后的从句中用现在完成时。

e.g. He is the most interesting person I he ever met.

五、将来完成时

将来完成时由shall (will) he加过去分词构成，主要表示将来某时已经发生的事情。如果句子中有“by + 将来的某一时间”或when, before等时间状语时，可以用将来完成时。

e.g. I) I shall he finished my homework before lunch.

II) By the end of next month, he will he lived here fore three years.

III) When we get there, they will probably he left.

IV) Hurry up, or the train will he left by the time we get to the station.

六、过去完成时

1. 过去完成时的用法

过去完成时主要表示先于过去某一时间的或状态，即“过去的过去”。这一或状态可以在过去某一时间以前已经完成，也可能从“过去的过去”某一时间一直延续到过去某一时间（甚至还可能延续下去，但与现在时间无关）。

a) 过去完成时常和after, before, by, till, when, until等引入的状语连用。

e.g. I) I began collecting stamps in February and by November I had collected more than 2000.

II) When I woke up it had already stopped raining.

III) She didn’t go to bed until she had finished her homework.

b) 在很多情况下没有明显的时间状语，时间由上下文表示出来。

e.g.I) He went to see his boss and told him what had hened.

II) They returned earlier than we had expected.

c) 过去完成时的几种特殊用法

i) 和before连用，表示“还没……就”。

e.g. I) She cried before I had realized what was hening. 我还没有意识到发生什么事情她就哭了起来。

II) They set out before I had told them the address.

ii) “It/This/That was the first/second/third time that …” 结构中的从句，要求用过去完成时态。

e.g. I) It was the first time they had tried foreign food.

II) It was the first time that he had finished his composition in 30 minutes.

iii) 在“no sooner … than …”和“hardly/scarcely … when …”的结构中，主句中用过去完成时，从句中用一般过去时。

e.g. I) I had hardly closed my eyes when the telephone rang.

II) No sooner had we begun than we were told to stop.

iv) 与expect, hope, intend, mean, plan, suppose, think, want等动词连用时，表示过去的希望、预期、意图或愿望等没有实现。

e.g. I) I had planned to visit you, but I just couldn’t find time.

II) He had hoped to help you, but he was ill.

2. 过去完成时和一般过去时的比较：

过去完成时表示过去某一时刻，或某个动作前发生的事，即过去的过去，它着眼于显示过去发生的几个动作的先后。一般过去时只叙述过去某时刻或某时刻后发生的动作，但不强调时间顺序。

e.g. I) When he got home, his wife had already prepared the dinner. (他回家前饭已做好。)

II) When he got home, he saw a letter on his desk. (他回家后看到桌上有一封信。)

七、现在进行时

现在进行时主要用来表示：

1. 现在或现在这一阶段正在进行的动作。

e.g. I) They are making preparations for it.

II) He is showing a foreign guest round the city.

2. 一个在最近按或安排要进行的动作。但这只限于少数动词，如go, come, lee, start, arrive, return, work, sleep, stay, do, play等。

e.g. I) We are leing on Friday.

II) I am seeing the doctor today.

3. 有时用来代替一般现在时，表示一个经常性动作或状态，通常是为了表示一种感情（如赞叹、厌烦等）。

e.g. I) He is constantly complaining about his teacher. 他老是抱怨他的老师。

II) How are you feeling today?

III) He is always boasting. 他老爱说大话。

be间或可以用在进行时态，表示一时的表现。

e.g. I) The boy is being difficult. 这男孩正在闹别扭。(可能他平时很听话的。)

II) Frank is being a good boy today. 弗兰克今天很乖。（可能他平时并不乖。）

八、过去进行时

过去进行体和现在进行体的用法相仿，只是时间向过去推移而已。过去进行时表示过去某时或某断时期正在进行的动作。

e.g. I) What were you doing when I called?

II) What were you doing last night at 10 o’clock?

九、将来进行时

将来进行时表示将来某时或某时期正在进行的动作。

e.g. I) I don’t know what my wife will be doing when I return home.

II) When I prepare for the college entrance examination (高考), my sister will be taking her vacation (度) at the seaside.

十、现在完成进行时

现在完成进行时可以用来表示：

1. 表示现在某时刻之前一直在进行着的动作，这个动作可能已经完成，也可能仍在进行。

e.g. I) How long has it been raining?

II) I he been working on my paper for five years.

2. 有些延续动词如live, study, teach, work等的现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别不大，都表示延续一段时间的动作，现在完成时更强调动作的延续性。

e.g. I) I he lived here for ten years. = I he been living here for ten years.

II) How long he you taught English here? = How long he you been teaching English here?

但是，多数延续性动词的现在完成时与现在完成进行时表达的意义有所不同。

e.g. He has been writing this morning and has written four letters.

十一、过去完成进行时

过去完成进行时的主要用法与现在完成进行时的用法相仿，只是时间推移到了过去。

e.g. I) They had been waiting for half an hour before the bus came.

II) The fire had been burning for over a week.

十二、将来完成进行时

将来完成进行时将来某时刻前一直进行的动作。

e.g. I) By next year he will he been teaching English for 30 years.

II) In an hour you will he been surfing the net (上网) for 5 hours today.

陕西高考英语考些什么时态

构成时态的助动词be (is, am, are), he (has), shall, will 等需根据主语的变化来选择。

时态是英语中一个重要的语法范畴，它表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态以及动作发生或存在的方式。动作发生的时间可分为现在、过去、将来和过去将来四种形式，动作发生的方式可分为一般、完成、进行和完成进行四种形式。将时间形式和动作方式结合起来，就构成了以下

一 般

完 成

进 行

完 成 进 行

现 在

现在一般时

do

现在完成时

he done

现在进行时

is doing

现在完成进行时

he been doing

过 去

过去一般时

did

过去完成时

had done

过去进行时

was doing

过去完成进行时

had been doing

将 来

将来一般时

will do

将来完成时

will he done

将来进行时

will be doing

将来完成进行时

will he been doing

过去将来

过去将来一般时

would do

过去将来完成时

would he done

过去将来进行时

would be doing

过去将来完成进行时

would he been doing

英语的时态是靠动词的变化和时间状语来表达的。英语中的时态共有十六种，但是常考的或较常用的只有9种。 要掌握英语的时态和语态，必须掌握好英语中的助动词(do, be, he)和时间状语这两个核心问题。

1、一般现在时

主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语； 表示客观规律和永恒真理等。

He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning. 他每天7点上班。

2、现在进行时

表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动：或表感彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。

We are hing English class.

我们正在上英语课。

3、现在完成时

表示动作发生在过去，完成在过去，但强调与现在情况仍有联系，其结果或影响仍存在。

They he lived in Beijing for five years.

他们在北京已经住了5年了。

4．一般过去时

表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用，如：yesterday; last week; in 1945, at that time; once; during the war; before; a few days ago;

He used to smoke a lot.

他过去抽烟比较厉害。

5. 过去进行时

表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。

Beijing was hosting the 29th Olympic Games in August 2008.

在2008年8月，北京正在举行29届奥运会。

6. 过去完成时

表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作，即过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”，句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语，这种时态从来不孤立使用 ( before, after, by, up till )

They finished earlier than we had expected.

他们提前完成了（工作）。

7. 一般将来时

表在将来某个时间会发生的动作或情况。常和tomorrow, next year, in 2008等表示将来的时间状语连用。

I am leing for Beijing tomorrow.

我明天就要离开北京。

8、将来进行时

表将来某个时间正在发生的动作，或按一定会发生的事情。

I’ll be doing my homework this time tomorrow. 明天这会我正在写作业。

9、将来完成时

表在将来某时刻之前业已完成的事情，时间状语非常明显。常用的时间状语一般用by+将来的时间。如：by the end of this year, by 8 o’clock this evening, by March next year以及由by the time…, before或when等引导的副词从句。

By the end of next month, he will he treled 1000 miles on foot.

到下个月底，他步行将达到1000英里。

英语共有十六个时态、四个体。（注：四个体为——一般、进行、完成、完成进行。）

英语中的四个体相当于法语、西班牙语以及所有印欧语系罗曼语族中的式，如：直陈式，命令式等。

（1）一般现在时

基本形式（以do为例）：

第三人称单数：does（主语为非第三人称单数）；

肯定句：主语＋动词原形＋其他；

He works for us.

否定句：主语＋don‘t/doesn't＋动词原形＋其他；

He doesn't work for us.

一般疑问句：Do/Does＋主语＋动词原形＋其他。

肯定回答：Yes，（＋ 主语＋do/does）．

否定回答：No，（＋主语＋don't/doesn't.）

特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句语

Does he work for us?

Yes, he does.

No, he doesn't

What does he do for us?

He works for us.

（2）一般过去时

be动词＋行为动词的过去式

否定句式：在行为动词前加didn‘t，同时还原行为动词，或was／were＋not；

was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did提问，同时还原行为动词

例如： Did he work for us?

He didn't work for us.

He worked for us.

（3）一般将来时

am／are／is＋going to＋do 或

will／shall＋do

am/is/are/about to + do

am/is/are to + do;

一般将来时的表达方法

be going to +动词原形

be +不定式,be to+动词原形,be about to ＋动词原形

be able to +不定式

be about to+动词原形

will + 动词原形；

例如：He is going to work for us.

He will work for us；

He is coming.这是特殊的用一般现在时 表达 将来时态 的例子！！

(4)过去将来时

be（was，were）going to+动词原形

be（was，were）about to+动词原形

be（was，were）to+动词原形

肯定句：主语+be（was，were）going to+动词原形～.

否定句：主语+be（was，were）not going to+动词原形～.

疑问句：Be（Was，Were）+主语+going to+动词原形～？

肯定句：主语+would（should）+动词原形～.

否定句：主语+would（should）not+动词原形～.

疑问句：Would（Should）+主语+动词原形～？

He would work for us.

(5)现在进行时

主语+be+v.ing〔现在分词〕形式(其中v表示动词)

表示现在正在进行的动作或最近在做的事。

例如：I am buying a book.

第一人称+am+doing+sth

第二人称+are+doing +sth （doing是泛指所有的v-ing形式）

第三人称+is+doing+sth

例：He is working.

(6)过去进行时

肯定句：主语+was/were+doing+其它

否定句：主语+was/were+not+doing+其它

一般疑问句及答语：Was/Were+主语+doing+其它 ；答语：Yes,I主语+was/were./No,I主语+wasn't/weren't.

特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+doing+其它

He was working when he was alive.

(7)将来进行时

主语+will + be +现在分词

He will be working for us.=He will work for us.

(8)过去将来进行时

should(would)+be+现在分词

He said that he would be working for us.=He said that he would work for us.

(9)现在完成时

基本结构：主语+he/has+过去分词(done)

①肯定句：主语+he/has+过去分词+其他

②否定句：主语+he/has+not+过去分词+其他

③一般疑问句：He/Has+主语+过去分词+其他

④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（he/has+主语+过去分词+其他\

He has worked for us for ten years.

Has he worked for us for ten years.

(10)过去完成时

基本结构：主语+had+过去分词(done)

①肯定句：主语+had+过去分词+其他

②否定句：主语+had+not+过去分词+其他

③一般疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词+其他

肯定回答：Yes,主语+had

否定回答：No,主语+hadn't

④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（had+主语+过去分词+其他）

语法判定:

（ 1 ） by + 过去的时间点。如：

I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.

（ 2 ） by the end of + 过去的时间点。如：

We had learnt over two thousand English words by the end of last term.

（ 3 ） before + 过去的时间点。如：

They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.

(11)将来完成时

（shall）will+he+动词过去分词

before+将来时间或by+将来时间

before或by the time引导的现在时的从句

He will he worked for us.=He will work for us.

(12)过去将来完成时

should / would he done sth.

He said that he would he worked for us.=He said that he would work for us.

(13)现在完成进行时

基本与现在完成时相同，但是现在完成进行时只能表示仍然持续的概念

he/has been +-ing 分词

He has been working for us for ten years.=He has worked for us for ten years.

(14)过去完成进行时

had been +-ing 分词

He said that he had been working for us for ten years.=He said that he had worked for us for ten years.

(15)将来完成进行时

主语+ shall/will he been doing

He will he been working for us.=He will work for us.

翻译为：他最近一直在为我们工作（过去在工作，现在在工作，将来还会工作）

(16)过去将来完成进行时

should+he been+现在分词用于第一人称

would he been+现在分词用于其他人称

He said that he would he been working for us.=He said that he would work for us.

举例：

英语中有12个主要时态，都来自于三时（过去、现在、将来）

现在以I listen为例，举例英语中有12个主要时态如下所示：

一般现在时：I listen

现在进行时：I am listening

过去进行时：I was listening

现在完成时：I he listened

现在完成进行时：I he been listening

一般将来时：I shall listen”或“I will listen.”

将来进行时：I shall be listening

一般过去时：I listened

过去完成时：I had listened

过去完成进行时：I had been listening

将来完成时： I shall he listened

将来完成进行时： I shall he been listening

英语中不存在属格

一个普遍的误解是在英语中只存在一个以“'s”结尾表示所属的属格。然而，语言学家已经表明英语的所有格完全不是一个格，而是一个独立的词并且在书写和发音上都不是前一个词的一部分，这可以有下面这个句子表明：The King of Sparta's wife was called Helen.（斯巴达国王的妻子叫做海伦。）如果“'s”是属格，那么“妻子”（wife）就属于“斯巴达”（Sparta），但是“'s”并不是只表示“斯巴达”（Sparta），而是表示“斯巴达国王”（King of Sparta）。

上面这个例子并不表明英语没有自己的属格；但是它现在已经发展成为另一个形式。在古英语中，ban的属格形式是banes。后来在现代英语中，这个发展成为了使用“'s”表示的“bone's”。在18世纪，人们对此的解释是省略号代替了一个属格代词，就像“the King's horse”是“the King, his horse”的缩写。但是这个解释是不正确的。人们更相信是省略号代替了古英语中的“e”。

英语和“与格”

在现代英语中，与格不再是英语语法的一部分，它只出现在一些表达用语中。一个很好的例子是单词methinks（据我看来）。它来源于古英语的与格形式变化：me（与格的人称代词）+thinks（to seem，与动词词组to think很接近的一个词组）。　与格在英语中可以不要前置词，例如在“He built me a snowman.”中一样。在这个例子中，“me”是与格。

英语中不可把被动语态作为一种时态

在部分英语教材中，由于编者自身对被动语态的理解或其他原因，错误的将被动语态当成一种时态，但其实，被动语态是一种语态，不可能当作时态。在英国，这是一个常识。因此，在英国，如果有人犯了这种错误，简直是贻笑大方。

跪求高考英语考到的几大重要动词时态

三、完成时态

完成时态通常表示已完成或从事的动作。它可分为：

1． 现在完成时

（1）现在完成时用来表示对目前状况仍有影响的，刚刚完成的动作（常与yet，already，just连用），或者过去某一时刻发生的，持续到现在的情况（常与for，since连用）。例如：

1）I he just finished my homework.

2）Mary has been ill for three days.

（2）常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有：since, for, during, over等引导出的短语；副词already, yet, just, ever, now, before, often, lately, recently等；状语词组this week (morning, month, year), so far, up to now, many times, up to the present等。例如：

1）I hen’t been there for five years.

2）So far, she hasn’t enjoyed the summer vacation.

3）There he been a lot of changes since 18.

（3）完成时态可用在下列结构中：

This (That, It) is (was) the first (second…) time +定语从句；This (That, It) is (was) the only (last) + n +定语从句；This (That, It) is (was) +形容词最高级+ n +定语从句。如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词通常用现在完成时；如果主句谓语动词是一般过去时，从句谓语动词通常用过去完成时。例如：

（1）This is one of the rarest questions that he ever been raised at such a meeting.

（2）There was a knock at the door. It was the second time someone had interrupted me that evening.

2． 过去完成时

（1）表示过去某时间前已经发生的动作或情况，这个过去的时间可以用by，before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示；或者表示一个动作在另一个过去动作之前已经完成。例如：

1）We had just had our breakfast when Tom came in.

2）By the end of last year they had turned out 5, 000 bicycles.

（2）动词expect, hope, mean, intend, plan, suppose, wish, want, desire等用过去完成时，表示过去的希望、预期、意图或愿望等没有实现。例如：

I had meant to take a good holiday this year, but I wasn’t able to get away.

另外两种表示“过去想做而未做的事”的表达方式是：

1）was / were + to he done sth, 例如：

We were to he come yesterday, but we couldn’t.

2）intended (expected, hope, meant, planned, supposed, wished, wanted, desired) + to he done sth, 例如：

I meant to he told you about it, but I forgot to do so.

（3）过去完成时常用于以下固定句型：

1）hardly, scarcely, barely + 过去完成时+ when + 过去时。例如：

Hardly had I got on the bus when it started to move.

2）no sooner +过去完成时+ than +过去时。例如：

No sooner had I gone out than he came to see me.

3）by (the end of ) +过去时间，主句中谓语动词用过去完成时。例如：

The experiment had been finished by 4 o’clock yesterday afternoon.

3． 将来完成时

将来完成时表示在将来某一时刻将完成或在另一个未来的动作发生之前已经完成的动作；也可以用来表示一种猜测。常与将来完成时连用的时间状语有：by (the time / the end of ) + 表示将来时间的短语和句子；before (the end of ) + 表示将来时间的词语或句子；when, after等加上表示将来动作的句子等。例如：

1）By this time tomorrow you will he arrived in Shanghai.

2）I shall he finished this composition before 9 o’clock.

3）When we get on the railway station, the train will probably he left.

4． 完成进行时

完成进行时是完成时的强调形式，有现在完成进行时，过去完成进行时，将来完成进行时。

（1）现在完成进行时表示过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态一直延续到过去某一时刻。例如：

I he been looking for my lost book for three days, but I still hen’t found it.

（2）过去完成进行时表示过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态一直延续到过去某一时刻。例如：

It had been raining cats and dogs for over a week and the downpour had caused landslides in many places.

（3）将来完成进行时表示在将来某一时刻之前开始的一个动作或状态一直延续到将来某一时刻。例如：

By the time you arrive tonight, she will he been typing for hours.

英语语法时态知识点归纳

　英语时态是英语语法复习中重要的一个知识点，提前做好相应的复习非常重要。下面是我为大家整理的关于英语语法时态知识点归纳，希望对您有所帮助。欢迎大家阅读参考学习!

英语语法时态复习知识点

　1. 一般现在时

　①表示客观事实或普通真理(不受时态限制)

　The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.

　Water boils at 100?C.

　②表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词;表示经常或习惯性的动作，多用动作动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用。

　Ice feels cold.

　We always care for each other and help each other.

　③表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的关系或概念的词常用一般现在时：see、hear、smell、taste、feel、notice、agree、believe、like、hate、want、think、belong seem等。如：

　I know what you mean.

　Smith owns a car and a house.

　All the students here belong to No.1 Middle School.

　④在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。但要注意由if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall或will表“意愿”，但不表示时态。

　If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased.如果你愿意接受并参加我们的舞会，我的家人会非常高兴。

　⑤少数用于表示起止的动词如come、go、lee、arrive、fly、return、start、begin、pen、close、end、stop等常用一般现在时代替将来时，表示一个按规定、或安排要发生的动作。当be表示根据时间或事先安排，肯定会出现的状态，只用一般现在时。

　The shop closes at 11:00 p.m. every day.

　Tomorrow is Wednesday.

　2. 一般过去时

　①一般过去时的基本用法：表示过去的事情、动作或状态常与表示过去具体的时间状语连用(或有上下文语境暗示);用于表达过去的习惯;表示说话人原来没有料到、想到或希望的事通常用过去式。如：

　I met her in the street yesterday.

　I once saw the famous star here.

　They never drank wine.

　I thought the film would be interesting,but it isn?t.

　②如果从句中有一个过去的时间状语，尽管从句中的动作先于主句发生，但从句中的谓语动词连用过去式。如：

　He told me he read an interesting novel last night.

　③表示两个紧接着发生的动作，常由以下词语连接，用一般过去时。如：but, and, when, as soon as, immediately, the moment, the minute。

　The moment she came in, she told me what had hened to her.

　He bought a watch but lost it.

　④常用一般过去时的句型：

　Why didn?t you / I think of that?

　I didn?t notice it.

　I forgot to tell you I had been there with my brother before.

　I didn?t recognize him.

　 英语完形填空复习试题

　It was a freezing day, when I picked up a wallet in the street. There was nothing 1 but a letter that was 2 Hellen. On the torn 3 I found the return address, so I called information. The operator asked me to 4 on, and she came back on the 5 soon, she told me that Hellenes family had 6 their house years ago. Hellen had to 7 her mother in a nursing home.

　I called and found out that Hellenes mother had 8 , The woman who answered 9 that Hellen herself was 10 living here.

　The director waited for me at the 11 of the nursing home. I went up to the third floor. Hellen was an old woman with a warm smile and 12 eyes. I told her about finding the wallet and showed her the letter. She took a deep 13 “Young man,” she said, “this was the 14 letter I had written to Mike 60 years ago. I loved him very much. I guess no one ever 15 up to him. I still think of him?”

　I thanked Hellen and came back to the director. His secretary looked at the wallet 16 and said, “Hey, that?s Mr. Goldstein?s. He?s always losing it. He?s 17 here on the 8th floor. That?s his wallet, for 18 .”

　We hurried to him and asked 19 he had lost his wallet. Mike felt his back pocket and then said. “Goodness, it?s missing.”

　When I returned him the wallet and told him where Hellen was, he grew 20 . “When the letter came,” He said, “my life ended. I never married.”

　We took him to Helen?s room. They stood, looked at each other for a minute and embraced (拥抱).

　1. A. on B. here C. inside D. outside

　2. A. sent for B. written to C. given D. signed

　3. A. letter B. envelope C. wallet D. back

　4. A. hold B. keep C. put D. go

　5. A. way B. floor C. line D. car

　6. A. bought B. sold C. moved D. built

　7. A. carry B. place C. drive D. bury

　8. A. left B. returned C. stayed D. died

　9. A. explained B. thought C. discovered D. considered

　10. A. again B. still C. now D. then

　11. A. door B. house C. office D. wall

　12. A. bursting B. freezing C. friendly D. lively

　13. A. dive B. sight C. how D. breath

　14. A. important B. oldest C. first D. last

　15. A. went B. matched C. caught D. measured

　16. A. immediately B. clearly C. closely D. exactly

　17. A. also B. over C. right D. still

　18. A. sure B. pleasure C. help D. interest

　19. A. that B. if C. where D. when

　20. A. nervous B. silent C. pale D. anxious

　参考答案：1~5 CDBAC 6~10 BBDAB 11~15 ACDDB 16~20 C高考英语语法时态复习知识点BC

英语常见单词

　stamp邮票

　envelope信封

　package / parcel 包裹

　overweight 超重

　extra postage 额外邮资

　send / post / deliver a letter / mail 寄 /发信

　express mail 快件

　airmail 航空信件

　surface mail 陆地邮寄

　open an account 开一个帐户

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