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高考英语语法填空_高考英语语法2017

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简介1.2017年中考英语语法专题详解十:简单句并列句2.高三英语语法填空怎么蒙啊 其他题怎么蒙 急啊 下午考试3.2017年中考英语语法大全:定语从句4.2017小升初英语语法倒装句知识点:as / though引导让步状语从句5.2017年中考英语语法专题详解七6.2017中考英语语法:“to do”与“doing”区别7.高考英语题型:怎么答完形填空题最适合高考的应该是高中英语语法通霸了,里面尽

1.2017年中考英语语法专题详解十:简单句并列句

2.高三英语语法填空怎么蒙啊 其他题怎么蒙 急啊 下午考试

3.2017年中考英语语法大全:定语从句

4.2017小升初英语语法倒装句知识点:as / though引导让步状语从句

5.2017年中考英语语法专题详解七

6.2017中考英语语法:“to do”与“doing”区别

7.高考英语题型:怎么答完形填空题

高考英语语法填空_高考英语语法2017

最适合高考的应该是高中英语语法通霸了,里面尽是干货,尽是精华。这本书可能是目前最实用的语法书。这本书的编排主要用的归纳法,先收集近十多年的高考题,然后分类到语法专题,再分类到一个个考点,先简明讲解,然后给出几个真题进行练习。题型有单选、句子改错、语法填空、句子翻译等。此书年年更新,现在最新的应该是2017版。

2017年中考英语语法专题详解十:简单句并列句

英语作为我们的第二门语言,在高考会怎么考核考生呢?有哪些英语知识点,下面是我为大家整理的关于江苏高考英语知识点,希望对您有所帮助。欢迎大家阅读参考学习!

江苏高考英语知识点

S+V(是系动词)+ P

1. This   │is     │an English-Chinese dictionary.

2. The dinner │smells   │good.

3. He    │fell    │in love.

4. Everything │looks    │different.

5. He    │is growing │tall and strong.

6. The trouble │is     │that they are short of money.

7. Our well │has gone  │dry.

8. His face │turned   │red.

附:

联系动词(Link Verb)本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语(亦称补语),构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。

有些系动词又是实义动词,该动词表达实义时,有词义,可单独作谓语,例如:

He fell ill yesterday.他昨天病了。(fell是系动词,后跟补足语,说明主语情况。)

He fell off the ladder. 他从梯子上摔下来。fell是实义动词,单独作谓语。

1)状态系动词

用来表示主语状态,只有be一词,例如:

He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。(is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。)

2)持续系动词

用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如:

He always kept silent at meeting.  他开会时总保持沉默。

This matter rests a mystery.  此事仍是一个谜。

3)表像系动词

用来表示"看起来像"这一概念,主要有seem, appear, look, 例如:

He looks tired.  他看起来很累。

He seems (to be) very sad.  他看起来很伤心。

4)感官系动词

感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如:

This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布手感很软。

This flower smells very sweet. 这朵花闻起来很香。

5)变化系动词

这些系动词表示主语变成什么样,变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.

He became mad after that.  自那之后,他疯了。

She grew rich within a short time.  她没多长时间就富了。

6)终止系动词

表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove, turn out, 表达"证实","变成"之意,例如:

The rumor proved false.这谣言证实有假。

The search proved difficult.搜查证实很难。

His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。(turn out表终止性结果)

高考 英语 作文 必考考点

1.经济的快速发展 the rapid development of economy

2.人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people’s living standard

3.先进的科学技术 advanced science and technology

4.面临新的机遇和挑战 be faced with new opportunities and challenges

5.人们普遍认为 It is commonly believed/ recognized that…

6.社会发展的必然结果 the inevitable result of social development

7.引起了广泛的公众关注 arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention

8.不可否认 It is undeniable that…/ There is no denying that…

9.热烈的讨论/ 争论 a heated discussion/ debate

10. 有争议性的问题 a controversial issue

11.完全不同的观点 a totally different argument

12.一些人 …而另外一些人 … Some people… while others…

高中英语易错点归纳

1.在你离开之前,有些事应该要告诉你。(ought to;there be)

学生错例:

1)Before you leave, there are somethings I ought to tell you.(受中文“些”字意思影 响,误把单数的something 当somethings)

2)Before you leave,there are some things ought to tell you.

(误用something; 句子 成分残缺,从句漏了主语 I)

3)There are something that ought to tell you before you leave.

4)There is something ought to tell you before you leaving.(受中文“在”影响,误用了“leaving”)

2.我很难把学习和兴趣结合起来。(combine...with...)

学生错例:

1)I'm difficult to combine study with interest.(典型的中文翻译思维,与地道的英语表达有较大差别)

2) I hardly combining study with interest.(中式英语)

3)It's hardly that combine study with interest.(乱套句型)

4)I hardly combine study with interest.(照字翻译)

高考英语语法考点一

1. 语态和时态

—Do you see those people on the little sandy island?

—Yes, they _______ handkerchiefs for the last half hour. I wonder why.

A. were waving B. waved C. had waved D. have been waving

正确答案D

高考考点考查动词时态。现在完成进行时:表示一个从过去某一时刻开始的动作,一直延续到说话时还在进行或刚结束,句中常出现用for, since, how long等引导的时间状语。e.g. His telephone has been ringing for a long time.e.g. It has been raining since last Sunday. e.g. How long have you been wearing glasses?

题干句意“你有没有看见那些在小岛上的人?”“是的,我看见了。他们在过去的半小时里一直在挥手帕,我不知道为什么。”

详细解析这个挥手帕的动作是在半小时前开始的,然后一直在挥,一直挥到了说话的这个时候,所以我们用的是一个现在完成进行时,强调一个动作的持续。我们再来看一下其他几个时态:

A选项是were waving——过去进行时,它指的是:①过去某一时刻正在进行;②过去某一阶段正在进行;B. waved——过去时,过去某时间发生的且已完成的动作,所以我们知道A和B这两个时态都是和过去有关,而和现在是没有一点关系的,所以A和B这两个答案错了。

C. had waved——过去完成时:过去某一时刻或某一动作前完成的动作或状态,那么它所表达的时候是在过去的过去,例如:e.g. By the end of last year, we had built 5 new schools.到去年年底为止,我们已经建造了5所学校。首先,过去的时间是去年年底;而句子表达的意思是在去年年底之前,所以我们用过去完成时——had build.和现在是更加没有联系了,所以这个答案也是不正确的。

题干中的时间状语是“for the last half hour”,注意这个last不是指“最后的”,而是指“刚才的——在刚才的半个小时里”,那么往往呢句中出现last,或者是last half hour、recent这种词的话,我们一般都会选择现在完成进行时,因为它指的是“刚才”,那么肯定指“从刚才到现在”。所以本题答案是D.

高考英语语法考点二

名词性从句

The information could be helpful to ____will take over the job.

A. those B. who C. whoever D. anyone

正确答案C

高考考点考查名词性从句,顾名思义就是名词,它可充当主语、表语、宾语和同位语,所以相应的名词性从句也分为有主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。此题考的就是介词to后的宾语从句。

题干句意“这个消息可能会对任何将接管这个工作的人有所帮助。”whoever = anyone who“任何怎么怎么样的人”所以这个答案是正确的。我们再来看其他几个答案为什么不对呢?

详细解析A选项是those,如果those填在这里的话就会变成缺少关系代词who,如选those,那those will take over the job“那些人将会取代这个工作”,它就变成了一个独立的句子,而不是一个从句,更加就不是一个宾语从句了,所以从原则上说它是错误的,那么怎样改才是正确的呢?很简单,只要在这个those的后面加一个关系代词who,把它变成一个定语从句——those who will take over the job,“那些将要接管这个工作的人”,那么这样就可以了。

B选项是who在名词性从句中表示疑问,e.g. Who will take over the job has not been decided yet. D选项是anyone,错误的原因也是缺少关系代词who.

比较those who和anyone who,前者是“那些……的人”,后者表示“任何……的人”。区别就是在于those who是一个复数的概念,“那些人”,后面的谓语动词要用复数;而anyone who是表示任何一个人,后面要用单数的谓语动词。

高考英语语法考点三

虚拟语气和情态动词

—David, we went to Lake Geneva for the weekend.

—That _______ a very nice change. I wish I had gone there.

A. must be B. must have been C. could be D. could have been

正确答案B

高考考点考查情态动词。

首先A和B里面都有must,must表推测,它表示“肯定…”,这个语气是非常确定的,百分之百的;那么当must表推测的时候呢,它还可以表示不同的时间,例如:

第一,must be表示的是“现在的状态”,He must be a teacher. 他肯定是一个老师。

第二,must be doing表示“现在进行的动作”,They must be having a meeting in the office.他们现在肯定正在办公室里开会。

第三,must have done表示“过去发生的事情”,You must have met him yesterday.你昨天肯定见过他了。让我们看一下将“must have been”填到题干里面是否正确?句意:“David,我们周末去了日内瓦湖。”“哦,那肯定是一个非常好的改变,我希望我也去那里了。”这里是表示一个肯定的推测;又因为是上个周末的事情,说明这件事情已经发生了,我们所以用B. must have been,而不是A。

详细解析C选项是could轻微的怀疑或委婉的陈述看法,“可能”e.g. His story could be true, but I hardly think it is.他所说的这个 故事 可能是真的,但是我基本上不相信。

D选项是could have done虚拟语气,某事过去有可能发生而实际没有,“本来可以”,表示惋惜、遗憾 e.g. The accident could have been prevented.这个车祸原本是可以避免的。e.g. You could have done better, but you didn’t try your best.你原本是可以做的更好的,但是你并没有尽自己最大的努力。

江苏高考英语知识点相关 文章 :

★ 江苏高考英语作文预测

★ 2017江苏高考英语作文模板

★ 2017江苏卷高考英语作文素材

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★ 2017高考英语作文江苏

★ 2017年江苏高考英语完形填空专题提升训练题附答案

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高三英语语法填空怎么蒙啊 其他题怎么蒙 急啊 下午考试

简单句

 (一)基本概念

 只包含一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)的句子,称作简单句。在简单句中主语和谓语是句子的主干,是句子的核心。除了主语和谓语外,简单句中还可以有宾语、表语、补语、状语、定语等。

 (二)句型结构 简单句可归纳为五个基本句型。

 1.主语+谓语  这种句型简称为主谓结构,其谓语一般都是不及物动词,后面可以有其他成分修饰。

 如:Things change. He smiles happily.

 2.主语+连系动词+表语这种句型称为主系表结构。

 如:Mr. Smith is an artist. The hamburger tastes good.

 注:表语位于系动词之后。常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词的-ing、从句来充当。

 常见系动词有:

 (1)表状态系动词---be 如:

 He is a teacher. He is ill.

 (2)持续系动词--用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,常见有keep, remain, stay,如:

 He always kept silent。

 (3)表像系动词--用来表示"看起来像"这一概念,主要有seem, appear, look,如:

 He looks tired.

 He seems (to be) very sad.

 (4)感官系动词---感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste,如:

 This kind of cloth feels very soft. That sounds interesting.

 This flower smells very sweet. It tastes delicious.

 (5)变化系动词--这些系动词表示主语变成什么样,主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come,等.。如:

 He became mad after that. I get tired.  She grew tall。

 3. 主语+谓语+宾语 谓语一般多是及物动词。宾语有两种 :间接宾语和直接宾语

 如:We like music.

 I had eggs for breakfast.

 4.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语

 一般间接宾语位于直接宾语的前面,有时它们也可交换位置,这是需要在间接宾语的前面加上介词to 或for 。

 如:He gave his sister the book.=He gave the book to his sister.

 常见双宾结构:

 可转换成带to结构的有:

 bring sb. sth (bring sth to sb). give sb. sth (give sth to sb.) lend sb. sth (lend sth to sb) pass sb sth (pass sth to sb) return sb. sth (return sth to sb) send sb sth (send sth to sb)

 show sb sth (show sth. to sb.) tell sb sth (tell sth to sb ) write sb sth (write sth to sb )

 可转换成带for结构的有:

 buy sb sth (buy sth for sb ) do sb sth (do sth for sb ) get sb sth (get sth for sb )

 make sb. sth (make sth for sb) pay sb. sth (pay sth for sb) sing sb sth (sing sth for sb )

 5.主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾补

 宾语补足语常由形容词、名词、数词、介词短语、不带to的不定式或v+ing、V+ed等充当。

 如:I found the book easy.(形容词easy作补语)

 I'll let him go.(不定式go用作补语)

 (三) There be句型

 1、结构:There be句型是一种主语后置的倒装句,常表示某处有某人或某物。

 具体结构为:There be+人/物+其他+(地点)。

 2、用法:

 (1)、There be句型中动词be单复数形式要跟there be之后的主语保持一致。并且要根据就近一致原则来变换be 的单复数形式。

 如:There is a desk and two chairs in the room.

 There are two chairs and a desk in the room.

 (2)、There be句型中的be 有各种时态,有时还会在be前插入情态动词。

 如: There is going to be a meeting tonight.

 There must be some flowers in the box.

 (3)、There be句型可换成There come / go,以引起注意,加强语气。

 如:There comes the bus.

 (4)、 There be句型的否定句和疑问句变化主要是be之后加not和be提到there之前。

 如:There isn’t any rain these days.

 Are there any people in the room?

 并列句

 (一) 基本概念及构成

 两个或两个以上的简单句用and, but, or, so等并列连词连在一起构成的句子,叫做并列句,其基本结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。

 如: I like action movies but I don't like thrillers.

 Hurry up,or you'll be late.

 (二)连词用法

 1、表并列关系的连词有and,both...and…两者都, as well as还有, not only...but (also)不但…而且…, neither...nor既不…也不…等。

 如:Work hard, and you’ll pass the exam.

 She not only sings but also dances.

 2、表转折关系的有but, however然而,while然而,still, yet然而等。

 如:The film is not perfect, however, it's good.

 I like action movies but I don't like thrillers.

 I like tea while she likes coffee.(表对比)

 3、表选择关系的有or, either...or...或者…或者…, not...but...不是…而是…等。

 如:Hurry up, or you’ll be late.

 Either Tom or his sisters are coming.

 4、表因果关系的有for因为, so所以, because等。

 如:I'd better take an umbrella, for it is going to rain.

 The manager was ill so she didn’t go to work.

 (三)特殊的并列句

 1. 祈使句 + and +一般将来时的句子

 如:Work hard, and you’ll pass the exam.

 2. 祈使句 + or + 一般将来时的句子

 如:Hurry up, or you’ll be late.

2017年中考英语语法大全:定语从句

同学你好!我是2017届刚毕业的上海考生,我认为英语语法填空的核心诀窍在于:

1:名词形式变化。名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。

2:动词形式变化。动词的形式变化比较多,有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气),有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。

3:代词形式变化。代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类,即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化,如no one/none、other/another等。

4:数词形式变化。数词的形式变化包括基数词、序数词,或加后缀一teen、.ty的变化,甚至还有作分母用的序数词的单复数形式,以及one/two的特殊变化形式。

5:词的派生。词的派生现象在英语单词中是很常见的,派生现象主要发生在名词、动词、形容词、副词四种词中。这种题型还有可能检测学生对词根、前后缀、派生词的掌握。

PS:若实在想不出就填连词或者that!希望能帮到你!

2017小升初英语语法倒装句知识点:as / though引导让步状语从句

定语从句

 1在复合句中做定语的从句称为定语从句,它可以用来修饰名词或代词。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词后面。

 2引导定语从句的词通常被称为关系词。关系词一般位于先行词与定语从句之间,且作为定语从句的一个成分。关系词又分为关系代词和关系副词。

 I 关系代词引导的定语从句

 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

 1)who, whom, that

 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中作主语和宾语。例如:

 Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)

 He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

 2) whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换)。例如:

 They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。

 Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。

 3)which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如:

 A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.

 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作宾语)

 The package (which / that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语)

 II. 关系副词引导的定语从句

 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。

 1) 关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用。例如:

 I will never forget the day when I met her. 我将永远不会忘记我见到她的那一天

 Beijing is the place where(in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。

 Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?

 2)that代替关系副词,可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略。例如:

 His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。

 He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。

 III.判断关系代词与关系副词

 方法一: 用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如:

 This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。

 I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。

 判断改错:

 (错) This is the mountain village where I visited last year.

 (错) I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.

 (对) This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.

 (对) I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.

 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。

 方法二: 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。

 例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?

 A. where B. that  C. on which  D. the one

 例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.

 A. where B. that  C. on which  D. the one

 答案:例1 D,例2 A

 例1变为肯定句: This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.

 例2变为肯定句: This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.

 在句1中,所缺部分为宾语,而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用,只有the one既做了主句的表语,又可做从句的宾语,可以省略关系代词,所以应选D。

 而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全,从句部分为句子的状语表地点,既可用副词where,又因 in the museum词组,可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中,介词on 用的不对,所以选A。

 关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分,先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时,选择关系代词(who, whom, that, which, whose); 先行词在从句中做状语时,应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语,when 时间状语,why 原因状语) 。

 IV. 限制性和非限制性定语从句

 1) 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明确;非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。例如:

 This is the house which we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。(限制性)

 The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的。(非限制性)

 2) 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时,其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。例如:

 Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理?史密斯去年退休了,他曾经是我的老师。

 My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。

 This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人,我已经读了三遍。

 3) 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。例如:

 He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思,这使我心烦。

 Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽,这就叫做蒸发。

 说明:关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。

 V. 介词+关系词

 1)介词后面的关系词不能省略。

 2)that前不能有介词。

 3)某些在从句中充当时间,地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换。例如:

 This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 这是我两年前住过的房子。

 This is the house where I lived two years ago.

 Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? 还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗?

 Do you remember the day when you joined our club?

 VI. as, which 非限定性定语从句

 由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句,as和which可代整个主句,相当于and this或and that。As一般放在句首,which在句中。例如:

 As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health. 如我们所知,吸烟有害健康。

 The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us. 太阳使地球暖起来,这对我们人类很重要。

 典型例题

 1)Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.

 A. it  B. that  C. which  D. he

 答案C. 此为非限定性从句,不能用 that修饰,而用which.,it 和he 都使后

 句成为句子,两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。

 2)The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.

 A. what B. which C. that D. it

 答案B。which可代替句子,用于非限定性定语从句,而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定语从句,it不为连词,使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。

 3)It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park..

 A. that B. which  C. as  D. it

 答案B. as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时,这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思,且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点:

 (1)as 引导的定语从句可置于句首,而which不可。

 (2) as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时,从句中的谓语必须是系动词;若为行为动词,则从句中的关系代词只能用which.。在本题中,prevent由于是行为动词,所以正确选项应为B。

 as 的用法

 例1. the same…as;such…as 中的as 是一种固定结构, 和……一样……。例如:

 I have got into the same trouble as he (has). 我碰到了跟他一样的麻烦。

 例2. as可引导非限制性从句,常带有'正如'。例如:

 As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health. 如我们所知,吸烟有害健康。

 As is known, smoking is harmful to one's health.

 As是关系代词。例1中的as作know的宾语;例2中,它充当从句的主语,谓语动词know要用被动式。

 VII. 先行词和关系词二合一

 1) Whoever spits in public will be punished here. (Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替)

 2) The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.(what 可以用all that代替)

 VIII. what/whatever; that/what; who/whoever

 1)what = the thing which;whatever = anything。例如:

 What you want has been sent here. 你要的动词都送来了。

 Whatever you want makes no difference to me. 不管你要什么,跟我没什么关系。

 2) who= the person that  whoever= anyone who。例如:

 (错)Who breaks the law will be punished.

 (错)Whoever robbed the bank is not clear.

 (对)Whoever breaks the law will be punished. 王子犯法,与庶民同罪。

 (对)Who robbed the bank is not clear. 谁抢了银行还不清楚。

 3) that 和 what

 当that引导定语从句时,通常用作关系代词,而引导名词性从句时,是个不充当

 任何成分的连接词。宾语从句和表语从句中的that常可省略。What只能引导名词性从句,用作连接代词,作从句的具体成分,且不能省略。例如:

 I think(that)you will like the stamps. 我想你会喜欢这些邮票的。

 What we need is more practice. 我们需要的是更多的实践。

 IX. 关系代词that 的用法

 1)不用that的情况

 a) 引导非限定性定语从句时。例如:

 (错)The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.

 b) 介词后不能用。例如:

 We depend on the land from which we get our food. 我们依赖土地获得食物。

 We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.

 2)

 (一) which与that指物时可互相代替,但that比which更常见,尤其在口语中。但要注意that可用来指人,而which则不能指人。

 只能用that不能用which引导的定语从句:

 ①定语从句所修饰的词,同时又被形容词级修饰时,定语从句只能用that引导;

 This is the most interesting story (that) I have ever heard.

 ②定语从句所修饰的词,同时又被序数词修饰时,定语从句只能用that引导;

 The children like the second Lesson that is about “The Football March”.

 ③定语从句所修饰的词,同时又被the only,the very或the same修饰时,

 定语从句只能用that引导;

 1) It is the only word (that) I know in the passage.

 2) This is the same bicycle (that) I lost.

 ④定语从句修饰的词同时又被不定代词,如:all,any,no,every,little,many或much等修饰时,定语从句只能用that引导;

 Here is all the money (that) I have.

 ⑤定语从句修饰词为everything,something,anything,nothing,all,none,much,little,few等不定代词时,定语从句只能用that引导。但something前有the时,定语从句可由which引出。

 Here is something (that) I will tell you.

 I want everything (that) I want.

 ⑥定语从句修饰的词中同时含有“人”和“物”的名词时,定语从句只能用that引导:

 I can remember well the persons and some picture (that) I see in the room.

 ⑦定语从句修饰的词为one, ones时,定语从句用that引导:

 Is it the one (that) you want?

 ⑧当主句的主语是疑问词 who或 which来提问时,为了避免重复,用that引导定语从句:]

 Who is the girl that won the first place?

 (二) who指人,that除指人外也指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语可省略,作主语不能省略。

 1) The girl who often helps me with my English is from England. (作主语,不可省略)

 2) The teacher who spoke at the meeting just now is having a rest in his office. (作主语,不可省略)

 3) The boy (who/ that) I like isn’t here now. (作宾语,可省略)

 注 意:

 who与that指人时可互相代替,但下列情况只能用who不能用that引导的定语从句:

 ① 先行词是one,ones,anyone时,定语从句只能用who引导;

 ② 先行词为those时,定语从句只能用who引导;

 ③ There be句型开头。

 另 注:(1) whom指人,为who的宾格形式,在句中只作宾语,其前没有介词时,也可用who替换使用,也可省略,如:

 Who is the teacher (that/ who/ whom) Yanzhen is talking to? (作宾语,可省略)

 Who is the teacher to whom Yanzhen is talking? (作宾语,介词to提到whom前,whom再此不可省略)

 (2) whose 指人,也可指物,在从句中作定语,不可省略。如:

 The building whose windows face to the south is our school. (作定语,不可省略)

 注意:1)在关系代词that,which,who,whom引导的定语从句中,只有当他们做定语从句的宾语时,才可以省略。

 2) 关系代词在定语从句中做主语,动词单复数由其前的名词或代词决定。

 He who doesn’t study hard won’t pass the exam.

 3) 因为关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中已充当一个成分,该从句中不能出现与它重复的成分。

 That is the only movie (that)I’d like to see. (对)

 That is the only movie (that)I’d like to see it. (错)

2017年中考英语语法专题详解七

小升初英语语法倒装句知识点:as / though引导让步状语从句

as / though引导让步状语从句时,一般须用部分倒装。如:

Old as / though he is, he works like a young man.

尽管他很老了,但他工作起来却像个年轻人。

Hard as / though he was working, he didn’t pass the exam.

虽然他一直在努力学习,但他还是没有通过那次考试。

Try again as / though he will, he can’t succeed.

尽管他还会再试一试,但是它不会成功。

as / though引起的倒装分三种情况:表语、动词原形及状语的倒装。

1. 表语的倒装

一般直接将表语提前到句首,若表语是带不定冠词a / an的单数可数名词,倒装后,不定冠词a / an须被省略。如:

Fine as / though he looks, he is ill with some serious diseases.

Child as / though he is, he knows much about the society.

2. 原形动词的倒装

A. 动词前面带有情态动词may, might, will, would, can, could等时,只将行为动词提到句首,而这些情态动词保留在原处。

B. 若动词前面没有情态动词时,应在动词原来的位置加上助动词do的适当形式。

C. 用于这一句型的动词一般是不及物动词,而不能是系动词或及物动词。如:

Swim as / though he can, he can’t swim so far.

尽管他会游泳,但是他游不得那么远。

Run as / though he did, he didn’t run fast enough to catch the bus.

虽然他跑,但是他跑得不够快而没有赶上汽车。

3. 状语倒装

In the classroom as / though he stays, he doesn’t read his texts.

尽管他呆在教室里,但他不读书。

Carefully as / though he worked, he made some mistakes.

尽管他工作很细心,但还是除了一些差错。

2017中考英语语法:“to do”与“doing”区别

专题七 情态动词、系动词

 在英语中,表示主语动作或状态的词就叫做动词。根据动词的意义及在句子中的作用,可将动词分为实义动词(v)、系动词(link-v)、情态动词(modal verb)和助动词(v. aux)四种类型。

 下面我们就来看看情态动词和系动词的具体用法。

 一、情态动词

 情态动词本身有一定的意义,但不能独立作谓语,要和动词原形一起构成谓语,表说话人的语气和态度。它没有人称和数的变化。常见的情态动词有:

 1. can表示能力,有“能”“会”的意思;表示可能性,多用在否定或疑问句中;表示请求和许可。

 如:The parrot can speak three languages. 这只鹦鹉能讲三种语言。

 Can I borrow the book from the library?我可以从图书棺借这本书吗?

 Shanghai can be very cold in March. 上海三月份可能会很冷。

 拓展延伸can还有过去式could 可表“能,会”,又可以和be able to替换,而be able to有 更多时态。 如:

 He could swim when he was four. =He was able to swim when he was four. 他四岁时就会游泳。 在一般疑问句中,can/could 常用来表示请求或征求对方意见,用could 比用can语气更加委婉和客气。类似用法的还有Will /Would you (please)…等句型。

 如:Could you tell me how I can get to the post office? 你能告诉我怎样到邮局吗? Would you please turn up the radio?请你把收音机开大点,好吗?

 2.may表示“许可”时,相当于can,其否定回答用can’t/mustn’t;表推测时,常用在肯定句中,表“可能”。

 如:-May I borrow your ruler?我可以借用您的直尺吗?

 -No, you can't /mustn't. 不行。

 She may be a teacher. 她可能是一名教师。

 拓展延伸may可表示祝愿。如: May you succeed! 祝你成功!

 3.must表示“必须;必要”,以“must”开头的一般疑问句其肯定回答用“must”,否定回答用“needn't”或“don't have to”。 must表推测时,常用在肯定句中,是“一定”的意思,其否定形式mustn ' t表“禁止”的意思。

 如:-Must I leave now?现在我必须离开吗?

 -No,you needn't /you don't have to. 没有必要。

 This book must be Lucy's . Look! Her name is on the book cover. 这本书是露西的。看!封面上还有她的名字。

 You mustn't draw on the wall. 你不准在墙上画画。

 拓展延伸must表示说话人的主观看法,只有一般现在时;have to强调客观要求,有时态、人称和数的变化。如: My mother is ill. I have to look after her now. 妈妈病了,我得去照看她。

 4.need作情态动词时,常用在否定和疑问句中,表示“需要;要”的意思。

 如:Need we finish the work now?现在我们需要完成这项工作吗?

 They needn ' t look after him. 他们不需要照顾他了。

 拓展延伸need还可以用作行为动词,可以用于各种句型。如:

 Does he need any help? 他需要帮助吗?

 The desk needs repairing. 这张桌子需要修理。

 5.shall 用于第一人称,表示说话人征求对方意见,过去式为should;will 用手第二人称的疑问句中,表示说话人向对方提出请求和建议,过去式为would。

 如:Shall I go shopping with you?'我可以同你去购物吗?

 I don't know what I should do next. 我不知道下一步该干什么。

 Would you please come a little earlier?请你来早一点好吗?

 6.情态动词had better的用法

 (1)had better 后接动词原形,表劝告、建议,意为“”。“You'd better… ”含有强制命令的语气,对长辈不宜使用。

 如:You'd better ask that policeman over there. 你问一下那边的那个警察。

 (2)慎用had better! 注意以下四条:

 ①had better表达的是说话者强硬性的建议,告诫别人(包括自己)如何做。 如:Granny, the hospital is not very near. We'd better catch a bus. 奶奶,医院不是很近。我们坐公共汽车。

 ②had better不用于礼貌的请求或征询,它隐含一种警告或威胁。 如:You ' d better finish the work today and bring it tomorrow. 你今天就把作业完成,明天带来。

 ③had better意思接近should,但它除了表示语气强硬以外,还表示马上要去做的事情,比should更紧迫。 如:You’d better see a doctor at once. 你马上去看医生。

 ④had better不含比较的意思,该结构表示“It would be good to… ”,而不是“It would be better to…”。

 二、系动词

 系动词有实际意义,但不能单独做谓语,必须与表语一起构成句子的谓语,说明主语的性质、状态或身份等。 它分为完全系动词和不完全系动词。

 1.完全系动词(be)可接名词、代词、形容词、副词、介词短语、非谓语动词短语、句子做表语。如: I'm a student. 我是个学生。(名词) He is fine. 他很好。(形容词) It is me. 是我。(代词) Are you there?你在那儿吗?(副词) She is at school. 她在学校读书。(介词短语) He is to come soon. 他过会儿该来了。(不定式) My job is teaching English. 我的工作是教英语。(动词的ing形式) My idea is that we will start now. 我的想法是我们现在就开始。(句子)

 2.不完全系动词 (get,turn,feel,smell,look,sound,taste)一般只接形容词做表语。如:When spring comes, it gets warmer and warmer.

 春天来了,天气变得越来越暖和了。 Food may go bad soon if it is not put into a fridge.

 食物如果不放进冰箱里就会很快变坏。 My brother became / turned a teacher after his graduation.

 我哥哥毕业后就当上了老师。(注意become和turn的用法区别)

 实战演练(2×50) 计分:

 1. --Mary, ____ you speak Chinese? -- Yes, but only a little.

 A. will B. can C. could

 2. --Must I do the work now? -- No, you ____. You can do it later.

 A. can't B. mustn't C. needn’t

 3. -- I can't stop smoking, doctor. -- For your health, I'm afraid you ____.

 A. can B. need C. must

 4. -- Whose book is it? -- It ____ be Bob's sister's. She is only a baby.

 A. must B. mustn't C. can't

 5. -- Jill looks so painful, there ____ be something wrong with her.

 -- Oh, dear! We'd better take her to the hospital at once.

 A. can B. should C. must

 6. --Is Simon coming by train? -- He should, but he ____ not. He likes driving his car.

 A. may B. need C. must

 7. -- May I try on the jeans? -- Yes, you ___.

 A. should B. can C. must

 8. -- Do you know any traffic rules?

 -- A little. When the traffic lights are red, we ____ stop and wait.

 A. may B. can C. must

 9. I think schools ____ allow students at least one hour a day for sports.

 A. would B. should C. could

 10. -- Can I swim in the lake. Dad?

 -- No, you ____. Haven't you seen the notice “No Swimming”?

 A. may not B. mightn't C. mustn't

 11. -- Are you going to Beijing by air?

 -- It's fast but a little expensive. So I am not sure. I __ take it.

 A. will B. may C. must

 12. -- Could I borrow your dictionary? -- Of course you ____.

 A. can B. will C. should

 13. --Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. --No,____.

 A. I don't B. I won't C. I can't

 14. -- Will you please stay here for the party?

 -- Sorry, I ____. I'll have to go to an important meeting.

 A. mustn't B. needn't C. can't

 15. -- Must I tidy the room now?

 -- No, you ____. You can do it after breakfast.

 A. mustn’t B. need C. don't have to

 16. -- You must come back every month. -- Yes, I ____.

 A. will B. must C. should

 17. -- Is this coat Jane's? -- It ____ be hers, but I'm not sure.

 A. will B. may C. must

 18. -- ____ we go and fly kites today? -- That's a good idea.

 A. Should B. Must C. Shall

 19. --ls your brother playing computer games, Ted?

 -- He ___ do that because the computer doesn't work.

 A. may not B. can't C. mustn't

 20. -- I don't mind telling you what I have known.

 -- You ___, and I am not asking you for it.

 A. needn't B. mustn't C. may not

 21. _____ you help me?

 A.Will B.Shall C.Must

 22. You ______watch TV if you’ve finished your homework.

 A. can B. must C. need

 23. I have seen lights in that empty house. Do you think I _____report it to the police?

 A. should B. may C. will

 24. -- Who is the girl standing over there?

 -- Well, if you ______know, her name is Mary.

 A. may B. can C. must

 25. -- Excuse me, could you tell me where the supermarket is?

 -- It’s two blocks straight ahead. You _____miss it.

 A. mustn’t B. can’t C. shouldn’t

 26. -- Mom, there goes the bell.

 -- Oh, it _____ Annie. I invited her to come for dinner.

 A. can’t be B. must be C. may be

 27. I’ll let you see the patient in an hour if you _____wait here.

 A. will B. must C. can

 28. Whoever can answer one of my questions ______get a prize.

 A. would B. should C. will

 29. Tom, you ______leave all your clothes on the floor like this.

 A. wouldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t

 30. It’s 7:50. You ____hurry, or you’ll be late.

 A. might B. will C. had better

 31. In spring, all the flowers in the garden _______ sweet.

 A. taste B. smell C. become

 32. She _______ like her mother in character.

 A. is B. seems C. looks

 33. In late autumn leaves _______ brown.

 A. get B. turn C. come

 34. Look! There _______ so many people here on vacation.

 A. have B. are C. be

 35. His classmate_______ a singer.

 A. were B. grew C. has become

 36. My job is ______ you math.

 A. to teach B. teaches C. taught

 37. How time flies! Three years _______ really a short time.

 A. are B. is C. was

 38. It sounds _______ a good idea.

 A. as B. is C. like

 39. Her temperature _______ to be all right.

 A. seems B. sounds C. looks

 40. His wish to become a driver has _______ true.

 A. turned B. come C. been

 41. Little Jim’s speech sounds _______.

 A. friendly B. wonderfully C. nicely

 42. When her mother came home yesterday, it was _______ dark.

 A. going B. running C. getting

 43. These apples taste _______.

 A. to be good B. good C. well

 44. -- How about the cloth you bought yesterday?

 -- That’s very beautiful. It _______ so soft.

 A. felt B. feels C. is feeling

 45. When his brother telephoned him last night, he _______ asleep.

 A. felt B. fell C. fall

 46. The food will _______ bad easily in such hot weather.

 A. go B. went C. turn

 47. It _______ that he was late for the train.

 A. looks B. says C.seems

 48. What does your brother look _______?

 A. like B. as C. after

 49. The girl’s voice is so sweet and her songs _______ very beautiful.

 A. taste B. look C. sound

 50. What a lovely day! I hope it _______ fine.

 A. stayed B. will stay C. will get

 参考答案

 1-5BCCCC 6-10ABCBC 11-15BABCC 16-20ABCBA 21-25AAACB

 26-30BACBC 31-35BABBC 36-40ABCAB 41-45ACBBB 46-50ACACB

高考英语题型:怎么答完形填空题

中考英语中必考的“to do”与“doing”现象

 有些动词后既可接to do,也可接doing,它们后接to do与doing在意思上有时有较大的差别。因为它们也是中考的常考点之一,因而我们应该搞清楚它们的区别。

 1.stop to do/stop doing sth

 解析:stop to do sth。意为“停下来(正在做的事)去做(另外的)某事”

 stop doing sth。意为“停止做(正在做的)某事”。如

 Mary stopped to speak to me。玛丽停下(手头的工作)来跟我讲话。

 When the teacher came in 。the students stopped talking。 老师进来时,学生们停止讲话。

 2.remember to do/remember doing sth

 解析: remember to do sth 。意为“记住要去做某事”(还没有做)。

 remember doing sth。 意为“记得(已经)做过某事”如:588.es

 Please remember to send the letter for me。请记住为我发这封信。

 I don't remember eating such food somewhere 。我不记得在哪里吃过这种食物

 3.forget to do/forget doing sth

 解析: forget to do sth 。意为“忘记做某事”(动作还没有发生)。

 Forget doing sth。 意为“忘记做过某事”(动作已发生)。如:

 Don't forget to bring your photo here。别忘了把你的相片带来。

 I have forgotten giving the book to him。我忘记我已把书给了他。

 4.go on to do/go on doing sth

 解析: go on to do sth。意为“做完一件事,接着做另外一件事”,两件事之间有可能有某种联系。

 go on doing sth。意为“继续做下去”。如:

 After reading the text ,the students went on to do the exercises 。学生们读完课文后,接着做练习。

 It's raining hard ,but the farmers go on working on the farm。虽然天正下着大雨,但农民们继续在农场干活。

 5.try to do/try doing sth

 解析:try to do sth。意为“尽力去做某事”,

 try doing sth。意为“(用某一种办法)试着去做某事”。如:

 Try to come a little early next time ,please。下次请尽量早点来。

 You can try working out the problem in another way。你可以试试用其它的方法解答这道题目。

 6.can't help to do/can't help doing sth

 解析:can't help to do为动词不定式结构;

 can't help doing sth。意为“身不由己地去做某事”或“情不自禁地去做某事。”如:

 We can't help to finish it。我们不能帮忙完成此事。

 I couldn't help laughing when I saw her strange face。当我看到她奇怪的脸时,我情不自禁地笑了。

 7.hear sb。 do/hear sb.doing sth

 解析:hear sb。 do sth。意为“听见某人做某事”,指听到了这个动作的全过程;

 Hear sb。 doing sth。意为“听到某人做某事”,指听到时候,这个动作正在发生。如:

 I often hear him sing in the classroom。我经常听见他在教室里唱歌。

 Do you hear someone knocking at the door?你听见有人在敲门吗?

 应该说明的是:和hear的用法一样的还有see、watch、notice等。

三好网高考英语一对一辅导名师分享2017高考英语完形填空的解题技巧供高三考生们参考。

1.依据上下文确定答案的法则:从近几年的完形填空题看,近义词或近义短语的测试力度逐渐加强,并成为测试热点。四个选项不是词义相近,要不就是近义动词的同一种时态的现象,或名词的单复数搭配。若选项词义差异很大,必然文章中藏有提示语,正因如此,往往第一个选项有时需要读完全篇短文才能准确回答。

2.词语语义与强于语法原则:完型填空题的首句不留空,目的就是告知短文的故事的四要素:地点、时间、人物和事由。再则,单纯语法题已基本退出该题型的测试范畴,所以,指导学生时,首先要告知他们这类现象。尽管四个选项的词语都符合语法规则,然而该题的解答必须遵循先全面理解篇章语义,再结合正确语言结构对每个空格作出准确无误的抉择。

3.解题四步法原则:

第一步:跳读。带着空格通读全文,了解短文大意,判别短文文体,同时能将会做的题及时解决掉。

第二步:选答。这一步最为关键,要求考生对每一道题进行认真推敲,但是要告诫他们万万不可按照题的顺序答题,对那些不能拿不准的题先跳过去,遵循先易后难的解题原则。

第三步:推敲。这实际上就是要求考生对完形填空短文的篇章作通盘考虑,把其中一些需要依据上下文语境来考虑的比较难解答的题,以及句子之间和段落之间的逻辑关联较强的认真推敲,甄别,筛选和抉择。

第四步:复查。这是解答这类题的最后一步,要求考生解完题之后务必再把文章通读一遍,从整体上准确把握文章的真正意思,及时修改与全文有出入的一些选项。

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